====== Serial Console ======
這邊說的是 FreeBSD 6.x (20060127 之後), 7.x 的用法，之前的可以看[[http://in2.wiki.ptt.cc/-SerialConsole|in2's Serial Console]]（他的不太對，最後還要用 bsdlabel(8) update Bootstraps 才對）。如果不是直接裝 20060127 以後的 6.x，請先用 bsdlabel(8) 更新過 Bootstraps 才行，否則認不得 -S 這個（可能要關掉 GEOM 防射腳，才能更新）。
  * kernel conf
<code>
device sio
</code>
  * /boot.config
<code>
-Dh -S115200
</code>
  * /boot/loader.conf
<code>
console="comconsole vidconsole"
machdep.conspeed=115200
boot_multicons="YES"
</code>
  * /etc/ttys
<code>
ttyd0   "/usr/libexec/getty std.115200" cons25  on secure
</code>
  * /etc/remote (接 serial console 的)
<code>
console:dv=/dev/cuad0:br#115200:pa=none:
</code>
  * 開機用 screen 接的話
<code>
/usr/bin/env HOME=/root TERM=cons25 LANG=C /usr/local/bin/screen -dm -c /root/screenrc-console

defscrollback 20000
vbell off
screen -t con /root/tip.sh con

#!/bin/sh

export HOME=/root
export TERM=cons25
while true; do
        /usr/bin/tip $@
        echo "sleep 10 secs"
        /bin/sleep 10
done
</code>

====== GEOM Journaling ======
If you see 'panic: journal overflow', tune
<code>
kern.geom.journal.force_switch=50
kern.geom.journal.cache.switch=75
</code>
to force journal flush more frequently.

If ''kern.geom.journal.stats.wait_for_copy'' is higher, tune
<code>
kern.geom.journal.parallel_copies=24 # default 16
kern.geom.journal.parallel_flushes=12 # default 16
</code>
to force gjournal copies data faster.

Increase gjournal cache (by increase total kernel memory)
<code>
vm.kmem_size_max=419430400
</code>










====== PXE Install ======
  * Load bootonly CD into /pxe
    * vfs.root.mountfrom="ufs:/dev/md0c" in loader.conf
    * gzip -d boot/mfsroot.gz
  * [OPTIONAL] export installation CD via NFS
  * DHCP
<code>
host pxe {
  hardware ethernet 00:11:22:33:44:55;
  fixed-address 10.0.0.1;
  next-server 10.0.0.254; # server ip (nfs, also for tftp server)
  # server-identifier 10.0.0.254;
  filename "/boot/pxeboot"; # relative to tftp root
  option root-path "/pxe/"; # bootonly, absolute path
}
</code>
  * NFS [OPTIONAL?]
<code>
/pxe 10.0.0.1
</code>
  * tftp
<code>
/usr/libexec/tftpd -s /pxe
</code>



====== IPMI ======
  * [[http://in2.wiki.ptt.cc/-%E5%9C%A8+FreeBSD+%E4%B8%8A%E4%BD%BF%E7%94%A8+ipmi+%E9%80%B2%E8%A1%8C%E9%81%A0%E7%AB%AF%E9%9B%BB%E6%BA%90%E7%AE%A1%E7%90%86|in2's 在 FreeBSD 上使用 ipmi 進行遠端電源管理]]
  * 在 20060615 以後的 RELENG_6 已經內建 ipmi(4)
  * 用 bge(4) 的話，需要 [[http://people.freebsd.org/~rafan/bge-ipmi-6.diff|patch]] (已經在 HEAD 了，這個只是單純 backport)
  * 設定
<code>
ipmitool -I open chassis status
ipmitool -I open lan set 7 ipaddr 該網卡的IP
ipmitool -I open lan set 7 netmask 該網卡的netmask
ipmitool -I open lan set 7 defgw ipaddr 該網卡的DefaultGateway # 不見得
ipmitool -I open lan set 7 access on
ipmitool -I open lan set 7 password 你的密碼
ipmitool -I open lan set 7 auth CALLBACK MD5
ipmitool -I open lan set 7 auth USER MD5
ipmitool -I open lan set 7 auth OPERATOR MD5
ipmitool -I open lan set 7 auth ADMIN MD5
ipmitool -I open lan set 7 user
</code>
  * 測試
<code>
ipmitool -A PASSWORD -I lan -H 該機器的ip -P 密碼 chassis status
</code>
  * 常用功能
    * power status
    * power on 
    * power off
    * power reset
    * power soft (via acpi)
    * power cycle

====== Booting ======
Reference
  * [[http://www.freebsd.org/doc/en_US.ISO8859-1/books/handbook/boot-blocks.html|Handbook 12.3 The Boot Manager and Boot Stages]]
  * [[http://www.freebsd.org/cgi/man.cgi?query=boot&apropos=0&sektion=0&manpath=FreeBSD&format=html|boot(8)]]

  * boot0 (boot manager) 
    * ''fdisk -B -b /boot/boot0 device''
<code>
F1 DOS
F2 FreeBSD
F3 Linux
F4 ??
F5 Drive 1

Default: F2
</code>
  * boot1 (Stage 1) (boot block)
    * ''bsdlabel -B diskslice''
    * 512 bytes
    * knows about disklabel
    * a rotating bar (\ - | /)
    * find and exectute boot2
  * boot2 (Stage 2) (boot block)
    * ''bsdlabel -B diskslice''
    * knows about filesystem
    * choose loader or kernel
    * read ''/boot.config'' from slice ''a'' //only//
<code>
>> FreeBSD/i386 BOOT
Default: 0:ad(0,a)/boot/loader
boot:
</code>
  * loader (Stage 3)



====== pkgtools.conf ======
  * ''AFTERINSTALL''
<code>
  AFTERINSTALL = {
    '*' => proc { |origin|
      cmd_restart_rc(origin)
    },
  }
</code>


====== Jail ======
  * periodic.conf
<code>
daily_status_disks_enable="NO"
daily_status_network_enable="NO"

daily_status_security_chksetuid_enable="NO"
daily_status_security_chkmounts_enable="NO"
daily_status_security_ipfwdenied_enable="NO"
daily_status_security_ipfdenied_enable="NO"
daily_status_security_pfdenied_enable="NO"
daily_status_security_ipfwlimit_enable="NO"
daily_status_security_ip6fwdenied_enable="NO"
daily_status_security_ip6fwlimit_enable="NO"
daily_status_security_kernelmsg_enable="NO"
</code>



====== ports tinderbox ======
  * Install to /home/tinderbox (from tarball)
  * Follow README
  * Setup ccache
  * Compile kernel with COMPAT_FREEBSD[56]
  * [[http://www.marcuscom.com/downloads/binutils.diff|binutil patch]] for on 7.x
<code>
./tc updateHookCmd -h preJailBuild -c /home/tinderbox/patch/binutils.sh

$ cat /home/tinderbox/patch/binutils.sh
#!/bin/sh

major_version=$(echo ${JAIL} | sed -E -e 's|(^.).*$|\1|')
if [ ${major_version} -le 6 ]; then
   cd ${SRCBASE}
   patch -p1 < /home/tinderbox/patch/binutils.diff
fi
exit 0
</code>
  * portstree.env
<code>
export FORCE_PACKAGE=1
export TRYBROKEN=1
</code>
  * build.env (nodoc)
<code>
export NOPORTDOCS=1
export NOPORTEXAMPLES=1
export NOPORTDATA=1
</code>
  * build.env (nonls)
<code>
export WITHOUT_NLS=1
</code>
  * apache conf
<code>
  DocumentRoot /home/tinderbox/scripts/www-exp

  Alias /logs/ "/home/tinderbox/logs/"
  Alias /packages/ "/home/tinderbox/packages/"
  Alias /errors/ "/home/tinderbox/errors/"
  #Alias /tb/ "/home/tinderbox/scripts/www-exp/"

  <Directory "/home/tinderbox/">
      Order allow,deny
      Allow from all
  </Directory>

  <Directory "/home/tinderbox/packages/">
      Order deny,allow
      Deny from all
  </Directory>
</code>

====== misc ======
  * ''ls -S'' to sorted by size (6.0)